Two things often confused
Gender identity is a person's internal understanding of their own gender. Sexual orientation is emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to others. They are distinct.[1]
For example, a trans man may be attracted to women, men or both. Knowing someone's identity does not tell you their orientation, and vice versa.
Clear language supports access
Clear, respectful language helps people seek healthcare without fear of stigma.[1] Many people avoid testing or withhold important information because they have been judged or called by a name that does not fit, which directly harms their health.
Diversity is not a disease
Diverse identities and orientations are not diseases.[2] Survey proportions depend on wording, terminology and safety in disclosure, so they vary widely; where stigma persists, figures tend to be underestimates.
What each means
Gender identity is about one's inner experience of gender, which may or may not match the sex assigned at birth.[1],[2]
Sexual orientation is about who one is attracted to: the same gender, a different gender, several genders, or little or no sexual attraction (asexual).[1]
Neither can be inferred from appearance, clothing or mannerisms.[1],[2]
No test proves identity
No hormone test or other test can prove gender identity or sexual orientation.[1],[2] Medical care assesses distress and care needs only when the person asks for it.
The current medical view
The World Health Organization moved gender incongruence out of the mental disorders chapter of ICD-11 into a chapter on sexual health, reducing stigma while keeping access to needed care.[2]
In practice, ask for preferred names and terms, and explain why when you need to ask about anatomy or treatment history, which matter for screening and choosing medicines.[1],[2]
Diversity is not a reason to try to change someone. Therapy aimed at changing gender identity or sexual orientation is not appropriate treatment.[1],[2]
How we care for you at Dr. Kris Clinic
We provide care with respect, ask for your preferred name and terms, and ask only for information needed for your care, explaining why, in English or Thai. Your information is confidential and we do not disclose it to others.
We provide sexual health care, STI testing and HIV prevention for every identity and orientation, and if you want a space to talk about identity or relationships, Kris Care Space is there for you.
Frequently asked questions
Are all trans people attracted to the gender they were assigned at birth?
No. Identity and orientation are separate, and trans people have diverse orientations like anyone else.
Is there a blood test that shows if someone is gay or trans?
No. No test can prove identity or orientation.
Is gender or sexual diversity a mental illness?
No. The WHO does not classify it as a mental disorder.
Will the doctor tell my family or employer?
No. Your information is confidential, and disclosure is your decision.
Diversity is not a disease, nor a target for treatment to change identity or orientation.[1] Good care starts with respect and asks only what is needed.
Talk to a doctor about this
Confidential care in Surat Thani, the mainland gateway to Koh Samui, Koh Phangan and Koh Tao. Tue–Fri 17:00–20:00 · Sat–Sun 10:00–15:00 (UTC+7)
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Dr. Krida Uakridathikarn (Dr. Kris)
Board-certified family physician with certificate training in clinical sexology and sexual medicine. He works at Suratthani Hospital and provides sexual health, hormone and LGBTQ+ inclusive care at Dr. Kris Clinic. Profile and CV
References
- WHO: Defining sexual health and sexuality
- WHO: Gender incongruence and transgender health in ICD-11
- WHO: Gender and health
Keep reading
Main guide: Gender-affirming care
Understanding the Dimensions of Sex and Gender
Non-binary Identities: Healthcare That Respects Individual Goals
Consent and Safer Sex: The Foundations of Sexual HealthThis article is general education, not personal medical advice or a promise of results. Diagnosis and treatment require assessment by a doctor. Content reflects the cited sources as of the update date.